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<<<China produces and consumes about 60 percent of the world’s cement — the Three Gorges Dam alone required 16 million tonnes of it. To put China’s massive 21st century construction splurge and concrete consumption into perspective, Bill Gates made a mind-blowing comparison.gdp growth = tfp growth + alpha*employment growth + (1-alpha)* capital growth. (Alpha is the employment share)
employment growth has been much much lower then gdp growth and thus isnt the main driver of it as you claim. The last three hundred years has seen a massive boom in gdp per worker growth. I.e. growth that is beyond simply employment/population growth. capital growth has driven part of this growth but eventually it reaches a steady state level where on a per capita basis new capital created simply replaces depreciated capital resulting in the capital component making zero long term contribution to gdp growth (Read up on Solow growth theory if you want question this statement).
This means that in the long run the primary driver of GDP growth is total factor productivity growth.
And yes productivity does mean getting more output without using any additional resources. That is exactly what its definition is. As an example look at energy. we have long needed fossil fuel resources to create energy. We are almost at a point where energy can be produced without using any material resources on earth at all.
According to his blog, between 2011 and 2013, China consumed 6.6 gigatons of concrete – that’s more than the U.S. used in the entire 20th century. Look at what the U.S. built between 1901 and 2000: all those skyscrapers, the Interstate, the Hoover Dam, the list goes on and on but all that concrete only amounted to 4.5 gigatons.>>>
Herp derp;China Used More Concrete In 3 Years Than The U.S. Used In The Entire 20th Century [Infographic]